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This 12pdr Coehorn Mortar was built about 5 years ago. It was my first full scale mortar. I was lucky enough to have access to a large lathe, milling machines and welding equipment at the time. Total cost for materials was about $300-$350. I would say that it took about 80 hours over the course of a year and a half to complete not including design time.

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It is a fairly involved project and requires a wide range of skills. Materials: Barrel: 7.00” dia. X 12.63” long hot rolled 1018 steel (1 req.) (cold rolled would have been better but hot rolled was cheaper) 2.25” dia. X 10.13” long steel (1 req.) 0.25” steel plate (2 req.) Base: 2” x 8”x 8’ long framing lumber (3 req.) Hardware: 0.50” dia.

X 12” long steel bar (6 req.) 1.25” dia. X 1.5” long steel bar (6 req.) 1.00” square x 0.5” steel (6 req.) 0.75” square x 0.4” long steel (4 req.) 3/8” x 6” carriage bolt (4 req.) 0.13' x 2.00' flat bar x 2.0' long (4 req.) 0.25” x 2.00” flat bar x 10.0” long (4 req.) 0.25' x 1.63' flat bar x 4.75' long (2 req.) Tools / Equipment: Lathe (as big as you can find) Milling Machine Band saw Drill press Welding Equipment Skill saw General hand tools Wood carving tools This is my first instructable so please let me know if there is anything I can do to make improvements. I have had an interest in cannons ever since I was a kid. Several years ago I participated in a civil war reenactment and I was hooked. After doing some research I decided that a mortar would give me the most bang for my buck.

I came across a small mortar called a Coehorn Mortar. Rise of nations. The design was originally developed by the Dutch engineer Barron Von Coehorn in the late 1600’s. Variations of the design were used in the American revolution and Civil war. My mortar is based on the 24 pdr Federal 1841 model used during the American Civil war. I decided to build mine as a 12 pdr. The size refers to the weight of a solid shot. The shot for a 12 pdr is half the weight of a 24 pdr but about 80% the size.

Technically my mortar is not full scale but at 12pdr I still consider it full size. The confederates did have 12pdr mortar but I liked the Federal design better. I want to note two things before continuing. First, this mortar is not a toy. It is a very real artillery piece and should be treated as such. Second this mortar 100% legal. It is not considered a “destructive devices” and does not need to be registered in the US.

For more information see the National Firearms Act, sections 26 U.S.C. 5845 and 27 CFR 479.11, both can be found on the ATF website. The barrel started out as a solid piece of 1018 steel 7' in dia. The original would have been cast out of bronze.

Since I didn't win the lottery steel was used. I started by chucking one end of the bar in the lathe.

At about 135 lbs it was about all I was able to handle by myself. I faced the end of the bar and center drilled it. The bar could then be supported with a center. The breech end of the barrel was roughed out. After reversing and re-chucking the barrel, most of the outer profile was machined.

Then breech end of the barrel was left as is for now. With the outside of the barrel complete as far as possible, it is time to start the bore. The bore was drilled to 2' (the biggest drill that I had available). The bore was then increased using a boring bar. This took a long time.

As you can see the boring bar I built was kind of small compared to the bore. I didn't feel like building another one.

In hind sight I wish I had. Once I got close to full size I made a temple and a follower to machine the hemispherical bottom of the bore. It worked quite well but I did have some problems with chatter. You can see some ridges in the bottom of the bore.

This was why I wish I took the time to make a new bar. I will eventually smooth them out with a die grinder. The wood block was originally used to support the barrel when it was being chucked up but became a makeshift steady rest when I started to get some chatter. It actually worked quite well and I didn’t need to make any additional tooling. The two small steps in the bottom of the bore is the start of the powder chamber.

It was created similarly using a template. Unfortunately I don't have any pictures of the setup. With the bore complete the outside of the barrel could then be finished. The compound rest was set at 6.5 degree and the shallow taper was turned on the breech end of the barrel. The compound rest was then set to 45 degrees so that additional material could be removed in preparation for the round portion. I made an Excel spreadsheet to calculate the coordinatesof the radius. With the compound rest set at 90 degrees I machined the radius by hand using the coordinates.